Git is a distributed version control system that keeps track of changes to a set of computer files. Git branches allow for divergent development paths, enabling multiple independent paths of development that can then be merged. However, to work with multiple branches you first need to be able to switch from one branch to another. The two commands used to switch branches are the git switch and git checkout commands.
Git Checkout Command
The git checkout command precedes the switch command. At the time it was the only way to switch from one branch to another. However, it also had other functions like creating a new branch and resetting changes.
Examples
Below are some common examples of how git checkout can be used.
Switching branches
git checkout branch
Creating a new branch
git checkout -b new-branch
Restating Changes to a file
git checkout -- <file-name>
Git Switch Command
The Git switch command was introduced in Git version 2.23. It was introduced to separate mutable functions originally part of the checkout command nto separate more concise commands. This introduced two new commands the git switch and git restore commands.
The switch sub-command is only used to switch from one branch to another the other.
Example
To switch branches the syntax would be:
git switch branch
Make sure to change the branch name in the above example.
What is the Difference between Git Switch and Checkout?
Though git checkout can still be used to switch branches it can also do other things as seen in the above examples. The reason the git switch command was introduced was to try and make things more user-friendly by separating things into separate sub-commands.
If you need to do anything more than switch branches you will need to use the checkout command or the associated sub-command. This is the git switch command is not a direct one-for-one compatible with the same functions and syntax as the git checkout command.
Best Practices for Using Git Switch and Checkout
- Avoid switching to specific commit hashes, if this can’t be avoided be sure to not make changes while in this state.
- Be sure to commit or stash changes before switching branches.
- Regularly clean up old branches.
- Keep software up to date so you get the latest features.
Conclusion
In this post, we have discussed that both Git checkout and switch can be used for branch switching in Git. Though unlike git checkout the switch command is only used to switch branches. If you have a git version of 2.23 or above you will have access to the git switch command. If you are looking for a safer option to switch branches the git switch command may be just what you are looking for. If you would like additional information on git stick around for the next section as I have included some links to more reading material.
Additional Links
Are you looking for additional reading material, why not check out these links?
- Other posts on Git
- Git Offical Documentation
- Git Checkout Offical Documentation
- Git Switch Offical Documentation
Embracing a lifelong passion for technology since childhood, CJ delved into the intricate workings of systems, captivated by the desire to understand the unknown. This innate curiosity led to his discovery of Linux, a revelation that resonated deeply. With more than 7 years of on the job experience, he’s honed his technical skills as a Geek and Senior Linux Systems Administrator.
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